ANALYSE DES PROCESSUS

Désulfuration des fumées

Flue gas desulfurization

To remove the corrosive SO₂-gas from fossil fuel or waste power plant off gas, a wet scrubber process is used. Limestone, quicklime or calcium hydroxide is used to absorb the SO₂ by forming gypsum which can be reused in building materials. Critical in this process is an accurate pH measurement to ensure complete removal of SO₂ to meet government standards for clean air.

Keyfacts Application

Sector

Power plants with flue gas scrubber units

Application

3 Applications:

Check pH in pre-scrubber
Neutralization
Lime Scrubber

Measured Parameter

pH

Key Requirements

The Locations of the measurement points are corrosive and heavy incrustations are formed.

Measuring in processes that build up thick layers of gypsum

Application Description

Application 1:

In the pre-scrubber (1st stage) the hot flue gas is cooled by injecting milk of lime. The pH value is only slightly increased (typically between pH 1–2 at 80 °C). Here, the pH must not rise above 2 because only HCl / HF and heavy metals are to be precipitated but SO₂ binding is to occur at the second stage. Accurate pH control is essential.

Application 2:

In the second stage, the main scrubber, the pH is increased by further addition of lime. SO₂ is bound. Here, the lime milk addition must be controlled by continuous pH measurement. When the pH values are too high, too much lime has been added (increased costs) and the gypsum is polluted by excess calcium hydroxide. When the pH values are too low, the binding of SO₂ is less efficient.

The optimum lies between pH 5.5 and 6.0. Higher values lead to soft and greasy calcium sulfite coatings (soft plugging) at slightly reduced efficiency. Lower pH values cause heavy incrustations which are difficult to remove (hard scale formation). Generally, the pH measuring point lies in the backflow circulation line of the calcium sulfite / gypsum sludge.

Application 3:

The excess water remaining after precipitation / thickening of the gypsum must be subjected to a neutralization procedure. For that purpose, sulfuric acid is added to bind the excess lime. Also, at this measuring point, there are heavy incrustations and deposits.

All 3 measuring points are extremely important to run the process in optimal condition. The locations are corrosive and heavy incrustations are formed, resulting in high maintenance. Knick recommends fully automated cleaning and calibration systems for these applications to reduce manual labor and increase process safety.

Requirements of Application

The immense challenge of this application is building up thick layers of gypsum in the gas scrubber units.

Why Knick ?
Ceramat is the only fitting which can be used due to the unique ceramic sealing. Deposit remover (“Pump Sock”) for Ceramat can remove deposits, which would otherwise clog the system completely. The unique Sensor Maintenance System cleans and calibrates the sensor fully automatically and reduces the maintenance efforts tremendously.

Produits correspondants

SE656 Toroidal Conductivity Sensor | Memosens | Fixed cable | PFA | Resistant to highly oxidizing media

Réf. produit :

SE656N -GEFTW0KM

SE555 pH Sensor | VP | 120 mm | Ex | Sterilizable | For aggressive media

Réf. produit :

SE555X/1-NVPN

Réf. produit :

4400 XC/24V

Industries et applications connexes

Énergie

Les centrales électriques utilisent l’eau dans de nombreux process aux exigences très différentes, p. ex. pour la production de vapeur, le refroidissement et l’épuration des fumées.

Systèmes d’eau de refroidissement

Cooling towers are used in a range of industrial sectors for diverting process heat from cooling circuits. Mineral deposits and corrosion reduce efficiency and lead to the premature wear of system components.

Systèmes d’échange d’ions

Measuring of pH, dissolved oxygen and conductivity in boiler feed water, steam and condensate in combined cycle gas turbine in power plants.

Circuits d’eau d’alimentation de chaudière

L’eau d’alimentation de la chaudière est le fluide central pour toutes les turbines à vapeur. L’eau d’alimentation est préparée par un système d’osmose inverse et des échangeurs d’ions.

Surveillance des générateurs de vapeur

Since steam generator functions are critical to applications and their downtime or replacement is extremely cost intensive, it is important to avoid damage due to wear...

Centrale électrique à cycle combiné

Measuring of pH, dissolved oxygen and conductivity in boiler feed water, steam and condensate in combined cycle gas turbine in power plants.

Systèmes de traitement de l’eau

Measuring of pH, dissolved oxygen and ORP in different applications while Water Treatment process of Power Plants’ Wastewater.

Systèmes d’osmose inverse

Reverse osmosis systems are used in a wide range of industrial applications for water treatment. The main application is industrial seawater desalination. Reverse osmosis…

Power Industry Brochure

Overview of energy-specific applications and product solutions

Download now

Articles de blog sur ce sujet

févr. 2024

Process Analytics

Uniclean700, Launch

Uniclean 700 Series - Modular control system for automated sensor cleaning

With the Uniclean 700 series, Knick is introducing a modular control system, that can be installed very quickly and cost-effectively as a flexible entry-level solution for automated sensor cleaning.

déc. 2023

Company

|

Interface Technology

|

Process Analytics

Knick Austria - direct customer contact in Austria from 2024

Reorganization of sales in Austria and new contacts in the field of process analytics and interface technology

avr. 2023

Process Analytics

Launch, Fitting, WA111

Robust WA111 Retractable Fitting Made of Plastic for Highly Corrosive Operating Conditions

The plastic WA111 retractable fitting is a robust and cost-effective solution for corrosive processes and environments. It is equipped with a secure lock function and multiple nozzles for thorough sensor cleaning.

avr. 2023

Process Analytics

Launch, Fitting, WA155

Coopération réussie : Knick a développé un support rétractable spécial Ceramat WA 155 pour les sondes optiques de SOPAT.

Nettoyage automatique des sondes optiques dans les processus d'encrassement : Un projet commun de Knick et SOPAT pour une application client avec Ceramat.

avr. 2023

Process Analytics

Conductivity, Phamacy, pH

pH and conductivity measurement in vaccine production

Pharmaceutical contract manufacturer relies on Knick's transmitters for modular production plants for Covid-19 vaccines.

avr. 2023

Process Analytics

Conductivity, Sensor, SE625

Sturdy 2-Electrodes Conductivity Sensor SE625 with Coaxial Electrodes made of Titanium

The SE625 ensures reliable and accurate determination of the conductivity of ultrapure water in the semiconductor industry.

janv. 2023

Process Analytics

ARD75

Sensor Adapter with Lock Function Enables Safe and Thorough Cleaning

Sensor adapter with locking gate for safety and thorough cleaning of sensors in the immersion fitting ARD75 without the need

nov. 2022

Process Analytics

Protos II 4400, Module

Up to six Sensors on one Transmitter Protos II 4400 via Modul MSU4400-180

Users can now connect up to six Memosens sensors simultaneously.

août 2022

Process Analytics

Achema, Exhibition

ACHEMA 2022 - Knick at the world forum for the process industry

In August 2022, the international process industry met at the ACHEMA. Knick presented the cCare system and industrial applications in a new concept.

juin 2022

Process Analytics

pH, Sensor, SE555, ORP

Combined pH- and ORP-Sensor SE555X/*-AMSN

Combined pH and ORP measurement in one sensor SE555 saves place and equipment costs for demanding requirements in the chemical industry, the food sector and for hygienic applications.

avr. 2022

Process Analytics

MemoTrans

MemoTrans MT201N: Transmetteur ultracompact pour sondes Memosens

Le transmetteur ultracompact MemoTrans MT201 s'enfiche directement sur la sonde Memosens dans le support et communique via le protocole HART 4-20 mA.

févr. 2022

Process Analytics

Stratos Multi, Transmitter

Nouveau transmetteur Stratos Multi E461N avec Profinet

L'interface Profinet du nouveau transmetteur multiparamètres Stratos Multi E461N permet une communication continue des paramètres de process et une maintenance prédictive, du niveau du terrain jusqu'aux systèmes de contrôle des process usuels.

févr. 2022

Process Analytics

Protos II 4400, Stratos Multi, Software, ProgaLog

Programmation hors ligne confortable des transmetteurs sur PC: ProgaLog 4000

Avec ProgaLog 4000, vous pouvez facilement paramétrer hors ligne tous les transmetteurs à configuration modulaire Stratos Multi et Protos II 4400, enregistrer les réglages, les dupliquer pour d'autres transmetteurs et les documenter pour des audits.

janv. 2022

Process Analytics

Memosens

Memosens 2.0: Evolution of digital data transfer

As one of the two initiators of Memosens, Knick is constantly developing the technology.

nov. 2021

Process Analytics

Conductivity, Sensor, Ex, SE656, SE655

SE655X numérique et SE656X numérique – Sondes de conductivité numériques avec certification Ex

SE655X numérique et SE656X numérique avec rapport Memosens sont disponibles avec une certification Ex. Elles sont particulièrement adaptées à l’industrie chimique, du papier et de la cellulose ainsi qu'à la surveillance des eaux usées industrielles.

nov. 2021

Process Analytics

Exhibition, Switzerland, Ilmac

ILMAC 2021 in Basel - Trade Show Review by Knick Schweiz AG

Knick Schweiz AG exhibited at ILMAC in Basel and gives a brief review of what it's like to have finally met customers at the show again.

oct. 2021

Process Analytics

Stratos Multi, Transmitter, Ex

Stratos Multi E401X- Transmetteur multiparamètres pour zones Ex

Le nouveau Stratos Multi peut désormais être utilisé dans les zones Ex.

mai 2021

Process Analytics

Transmitters, Stratos Multi

Optimisation des process avec Stratos Multi E471 par EtherNet/IP

EtherNet/IP communication protocol allows the transmitter to be easily integrated into Industrial Ethernet networks as PCS.

mai 2021

Process Analytics

Launch, Conductivity, Sensor, SE656

Nouvelle sonde de conductivité numérique SE656N

New toroidal Digital Conductivity Sensor with a large measuring range and consisting of PFA for using in aggressive media

mars 2021

Process Analytics

Protos II 4400, Profinet

Transmetteur pour l'industrie de process avec le module PROFINET

Le standard Ethernet industriel PROFINET joue un rôle de plus en plus déterminant pour les techniques de process dans le contexte de l'industrie 4.0.

juil. 2020

Process Analytics

Launch, Fitting, ARD170

Canne d’immersion haute qualité pour applications mobiles

Avec l’ARD 170, Knick propose une canne d’immersion haute qualité pour mesures mobiles du pH, de la conductivité et de l’oxygène dissous. Les développeurs ont accordé une attention particulière à la simplicité et la flexibilité d’utilisation.

juil. 2020

Process Analytics

Fitting, ARD50, ARD75

Canne d'immersion modulaire en version électriquement conductrice

Avec ses cannes d'immersion ARD 50 EL et ARD 75 EL, Knick complète de deux versions électriquement conductrices (EL) son portefeuille de cannes d’analyse de liquides. Les modulaires permettent l’utilisation de sondes spécifiques aux applications.

avr. 2020

Process Analytics

Launch, Transmitters, Stratos Multi

New multiparameter transmitter Stratos Multi

Knick is launching the the next generation in its Stratos analyzer product line.

févr. 2018

Process Analytics

Fitting, Sensor

How to get the sensor into the process

Sensors as the direct interface to the process must be exactly matched to the chemistry of the measured medium and to the prevailing pressure and temperature conditions.

avr. 2017

Process Analytics

MemoRail Modbus

Powerful compact analyzer boosts performance while reducing costs

It has long been common practice when taking pH/ORP, conductivity, and oxygen measurements that a fixed analyzer be mounted near the sensor. The analyzer serves several purposes.